?The Council of Ministers: key decision-maker and guardian of national interests' discuss
Dissertation - 8 pages - Droit européen
Before starting discussion of the role of the Council, one should point out the paradox on which the Council is built. The Council aims to be both a key decision-maker and a guardian of national interests. In that view, being a guardian of national interest might affect the credibility of the...
Jurors vs Judges: a power and knowledge issue
Dissertation - 8 pages - Droit autres branches
The jury system in the United States has been subject to a lot of controversy. Most Americans still support the basic concept of the jury trial, especially in criminal cases, where the juries are composed of average citizens as an important bulwark against the potential tyranny of the government....
Quelles sont les limites imposées à l'invocation par un État non directement lésé de violations d'obligations erga omnes partes par un autre État au cours de la procédure de règlement juridictionnel ?
Mémoire - 3 pages - Droit international
La protection des intérêts de la communauté qui rassemble les valeurs fondamentales partagées par les États de la communauté internationale dans son ensemble est devenue un enjeu majeur du droit international. Selon le juge Bruno Simma, « international law has undoubtedly entered a stage at which...
The structure of the International Criminal Court
Fiche - 2 pages - Droit international
The ICC is composed of four organs: the Presidency, the Judicial Divisions, the Office of Prosecutor and the Registry. First of all, it is interesting to point out the functions of the Assembly of States Parties, the only non-judicial organ where States Parties can express themselves, as their...
The application of the European Arrest Warrant in the United Kingdom and its use in the fight against terrorism.
Dissertation - 6 pages - Droit européen
The European Arrest Warrant (EAW) is a judicial decision issued by a Member State with a view to the arrest and surrender by another Member State of a requested person, for the purposes of conducting a criminal prosecution or executing a custodial sentence or detention order.' The EAW is...
The Implementation of the Third Pillar of the European Union in Hungary
Dissertation - 13 pages - Droit européen
Hungary acceded to the European Union on the 1st May 2004, thus it is one of the newer member states of the organization. In this paper we are going to introduce the Hungarian implementation of five (former) third pillar issues. We will examine the legal background of these areas of justice-and...
How has the Buckley v. Valeo decision affected campaign finance legislation and litigation?
Étude de cas - 8 pages - Droit autres branches
The Supreme Court by its recent decision Randall v. Sorrell of the 26th of June 2006 struck down a law of the state of Vermont which severely limited the amount of money a candidate for state offices can raise and spend. The Supreme Court's rationale was based on the violation by such laws of the...
Medellin v. Texas
Commentaire d'arrêt - 3 pages - Droit international
Medellin v. Texas is a Supreme Court decision dealing with the obligation of the American states to comply with a judgment of the International Court of Justice concerning the legal rights of people convicted in those states. Hence, what is at stake here is the issue of whether or not...
International human rights law
Étude de cas - 6 pages - Droit autres branches
The right to life has been interpreted as both permitting exceptions and imposing obligations with regard to the death penalty. Discuss. Through centuries, religions and philosophies have strongly condemned the act of killing human life. The extend of states violence during the Second World War...
Should we stick to the stability and growth Pact?
Dissertation - 5 pages - Droit européen
The Stability and Growth Pact is an essential element of the European Monetary Union and has been often criticized. One of the sharpest and most violent attacks came from the President of the European Commission, which is supposed to be the watchdog of the Treaties and laws, Romano Prodi who...
International intellectual property rights
Dissertation - 6 pages - Propriété intellectuelle
The Globalization of the world economy has redefined the relations between states and societies. Domestic regulations and international have trade merged and links between public and private sectors have gradually disappeared. This phenomenon was an incredible help for the development and the...
What are the various means allowing the pacific regulation of the disputes?
Dissertation - 4 pages - Droit international
The Hague Peace Conference of 1899, marked a new phase in the history of international arbitration. It ended by adopting a Convention on the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes, which dealt not only with arbitration but also with other methods of pacific settlement. Then the league of...
Essay on the Rome Convention on the law applicable to contractual obligations
Dissertation - 14 pages - Droit européen
The Rome Convention on the Law applicable to contractual obligations “applies to contractual obligations in any situation involving a choice between the laws of different countries.” The scope of the Convention is therefore clear; its aim is to regulate contractual relations between...
Border Regulation, Freedom of Movement and Citizenship in the Third Pillar of the EU: Conflicting legal agendas.
Dissertation - 9 pages - Droit européen
Within the United Kingdom (UK) there has been a long proud tradition of strong regulatory and independent oversight with respect to its national border security and integrity. The UK is a confederation of regional states some of which have semi-autonomous devolved legislatures, yet it maintains a...
The French Conseil Constitutionnel: In comparison with Constitutional Courts
Dissertation - 11 pages - Droit constitutionnel
I believe that constitutional courts play a major role in legal systems. After the introduction of the 'Conseil Constitutionnel' in 1958, Louis Favoreu, a public law teacher, claimed, 'L'Etat de droit est désormais complet en France'. Indeed, it is often considered that...
The President of the European Council
Dissertation - 3 pages - Droit européen
After years of ungoing debate over the need - or not- of a European presidency, on November 19th, the European Union Heads of State or Government elected unanimously the first stable and permanent President of the European Council, under the Treaty of Lisbon entering into force two weeks later....
The Constitutionalisation of the treaties by the ECJ: The theories of direct effect and supremacy from the perspective of the French courts
Dissertation - 8 pages - Droit européen
The Community has developed with an inexorable dynamism of enhanced supranationalism. As a result, it has first been ruled by general principles of public international law to become an interstate governmental structure "per se " ruled by a "Constitutional Charter? . The Constitutionalisation is...
Discuss the analysis and significance of the abduction and trial of Eichmann from an international law perspective, with reference to legal writing
Dissertation - 8 pages - Droit international
First, we will discuss whether the principle known as "the fruit of the poisonous tree? in the United States must be applied to the abduction of Adolf Eichmann or not. The violation of International law was "clear? according to Louis Henkin in 1968 but one cannot deny that the end justifies the...
Human Rights Law: Essay on the Human Rights Act
Dissertation - 4 pages - Droit autres branches
The State's "margin of appreciation" doctrine is a fundamental component of the European Convention system of Protection of Human Rights. While human rights are not a state's private area of jurisdiction, the idea of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) is that this statute...
Is the American Constitution the best in the world?
Dissertation - 3 pages - Droit constitutionnel
"We, the people of the United States,?do ordain and establish this Constitution of the United States of America?. By these words starts the American Constitution. This document was adopted on September 17, 1787, by the Constitutional Convention, led by Thomas Jefferson and George Washington, and...
Freedom of expression, a right between inviolability and flexibility
Dissertation - 7 pages - Droit européen
The freedom of expression is one of the things that calls for conflicts. It is not permitted in the dictatorship in order to speak about everything. It is observed that very many subjects are forbidden. An example of a forbidden topic is the critical opinion on the power, on religion. The...
The amendment 8: is death penalty a cruel and unusual punishment?
Dissertation - 2 pages - Droit pénal
Amendment 8 of the United States Constitution is a part of the United States Bill of Rights, influenced by the English Bill of Rights of 1689. It was added to the constitution in 1791, and states that "Excessive bail shall not be required, not excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual...
Medical advertisement
Dissertation - 9 pages - Droit international
In France, as in Europe, medical advertising is submitted to a legislation. Pharmaceutical laboratories have to be careful every time they issue a new medicine. There are only two countries which allow medical advertising which are the United States of America, and New Zealand. Indeed, in France,...
The duties of the board of directors
Dissertation - 8 pages - Droit fiscal
The corporation according to how we understand it today, came into existence in the 19th century because entrepreneur needed a device to raise capital from a large number of investors. According to the legal dictionary: “the corporation is an organization formed with state governmental...
Right to life
Cours - 3 pages - Libertés publiques
Over the centuries, the religions and philosophies of the whole world firmly followed the act of taking away human life. The international law of Human Rights tried in its turn to change this perspective with a number of treaties to protect human life against the arbitrary actions of different...
West Virginia vs. Barnette : the flag salute case
Commentaire d'arrêt - 2 pages - Libertés publiques
Refusal to salute the Flag shall be regarded as an act of insubordination' are the terms in which the Virginia statute let us see a beginning of answer to the questioning about the reasons why the State require a flag salute. Indeed, we understand that the real deal is between the authority...
Copyright of employed persons' creations
Fiche - 11 pages - Droit autres branches
In Australia, the copyright law gives the creator or the author of a piece of writing the first ownership of copyright. In fact, section 35(2) of the Copyright Act 1968 provides that: "Subject to this section, the author of a literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work is the owner of any...
To what degree does the Supreme Court have a 'political' role? And in what 'political' direction have the most recent courts taken the Supreme Court?
Étude de cas - 6 pages - Droit international
The judiciary, from the nature of its functions, will always be the least dangerous' in the department of power. This opinion, formulated by Alexander Hamilton in the Federalist papers, relies on a restrictive vision of the role of judges, considered as 'mouths of the law'. According...
Plessy vs. Ferguson
Étude de cas - 2 pages - Droit international
Following the American Civil Revolution, the federal government sought to grant protection of civil rights for those who have been neglected by it before: African Americans who have just been freed from slavery. This period was called the Reformation (between 1865 and 1877 when they tried to...
Recommendations to the French government concerning violations of the 'Article 28 EC
Commentaire de texte - 5 pages - Droit européen
One of the main objectives of the EEC at its inception was the Free Movement of Goods, a prerequisite in the achievement of an Internal Market, the raison d'être of the EU. The Article 28 EC prohibits Quantitative Restrictions on imports and all measures having equivalent effect to a...
