La place et les droits de la femme dans la société : de l'Antiquité à nos jours
Cours - 6 pages - Histoire du droit
Alexandre Dumas fils, serait le premier à avoir employé le terme de « féminisme ». À l'Antiquité, la femme est le monde du dedans et l'homme le monde du dehors. Cette condition de la femme mariée ou non a varié dans la Grèce antique. Globalement, elle ne participe pas aux affaires de la...
The amendment 8: is death penalty a cruel and unusual punishment?
Dissertation - 2 pages - Droit pénal
Amendment 8 of the United States Constitution is a part of the United States Bill of Rights, influenced by the English Bill of Rights of 1689. It was added to the constitution in 1791, and states that "Excessive bail shall not be required, not excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual...
Consistence between the English Criminal Justice and Article 6 of the European Convention of Human Rights
Dissertation - 8 pages - Droit pénal
The United Kingdom was one of the original parties to the European Convention of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR). States which contract into the ECHR are obliged to secure the enjoyment of Convention rights for their citizens. Sometimes positive actions may be required as...
Conflict of laws and Crossborder litigation - The slavery issue and the conflict of laws
Dissertation - 6 pages - Histoire du droit
In the field of the conflict of laws, slavery is often perceived as the most difficult question which the courts had to face. Indeed, it is hard to have an indifferent view on the issue, as it involves matters of philosophical, humanitarian, moral, political and economic considerations, which...
The Whistleblowers Protection under US Law
Dissertation - 1 pages - Droit civil
It is important to understand what whistleblower means. According to the dictonary - "A whistleblower is a person who alleges misconduct". Whistleblowers may report the misconduct to the lawyers, the media or state or federal agencies. In France everyone knows that this process can be...
Subject matter arbitrability
Étude de cas - 2 pages - Droit autres branches
Subject matter arbitrability, also called objective arbitrability or arbitrability ratione materiae, usually refers to the question of whether the particular subject matter of a given dispute may be resolved by arbitration. Such a question arises due to the tension between two policies:...
Dans quelle mesure peut-on dire du système des jurys qu'il est le pivot de la justice pénale en Grande-Bretagne ?
Dissertation - 5 pages - Droit international
In the English criminal justice system, juries have existed for over a thousand years now. Since 1215 they are the usual method of trying criminal cases, and are considered as a really important institution in the English criminal justice process. However, in terms of statistics, trial by jury is...
Notes on the Carr v Beavan case
Commentaire d'arrêt - 2 pages - Droit de la famille
In this document, we discuss the case of Carr v Beavan. The case was dealt with in the High Court of Justice Chancery Division on 29th October 2008. The judgment was carried out by Mr Justice Floyd. The court had to focus on the testator mental capacity at the relevant time of making his will,...
Independence of arbitral tribunal
Étude de cas - 4 pages - Droit autres branches
There is a tension inherent to the arbitration process that raises the sensitive issue of the independence and impartiality of the arbitral tribunal; it is the “tension of an ideal, that is, perfect fairness of the arbitrator, against the reality that the very method by which arbitrators...
The role of economics in legal practices: "market power abuses"
Dissertation - 6 pages - Droit de la concurrence
On May 18th, 1998, the US Justice Department of Justice alleged Microsoft Corporation had abused monopoly power by bundling together its web browser (Internet explorer) with the Windows operating system. According to the Department of Justice, Microsoft used its market power in the...
Labour unions in the United States
Fiche - 2 pages - Droit du travail
Trade unions in the United States were first organized in the early nineteenth century. The main purpose of a trade union is to collectively bargain with employers for wages, hours, and working conditions. We can define labour union like an association, combination, or organization of employees...
Le principe d'égalité salariale : le point de vue de la Cour de cassation
Cours - 93 pages - Droit du travail
« Liberté, égalité, fraternité ». Ces trois termes, définitivement adoptés en 1880 et repris par les Constitutions de 1946 et de 1958, représentent le symbole officiel et la devise de la République Française. Depuis toujours, la notion d'égalité tient une place toute particulière dans...
L'égalité de traitement entre les hommes et les femmes dans l'Union européenne
Mémoire - 55 pages - Droit européen
Le 10 décembre 1948, a été proclamée la Déclaration universelle des droits de l'homme. Elle a été adoptée par l'Assemblée Générale de l'ONU en sa résolution 217 (A) III, signée à Paris. Elle fut instaurée après la fin de la Seconde guerre mondiale avec pour objectif de garantir les droits de...
CAVEJ L1 Anglais juridique
Cours - 222 pages - Droit autres branches
Wales remained a separate entity from England until the 16th century. Wales is composed of a number of principalities (principautés) with distinct characteristics. Those differences resulted in various conflicts until the middle Ages. Fortunately, in 1536, the Act of Union integrated together...
Prison labor: an assessment of its role and appropriateness
Étude de cas - 18 pages - Droit civil
“Labor is not only salutary because it is the opposite of idleness; but it is also contemplated that the convict, while he is not at work, shall learn business which would support him when he leaves the prison. The prisoners therefore are taught useful trades only; and among these, care is...
Les accords dans les divorces contentieux
Mémoire - 55 pages - Droit civil
« Dans tous les cas, mariez-vous. Si vous tombez sur une bonne épouse, vous serez heureux, et si vous tombez sur une mauvaise, vous deviendrez philosophe, ce qui est excellent pour l'homme. » Et si la philosophie n'y était pour rien dans les rapports conjugaux, et quand le « Grand Amour » prend...
La discrimination en matière d'emploi
Dissertation - 18 pages - Droit du travail
« Le droit dogmatique considère qu'il y a règle de droit véritable dès qu'un texte émanant de l'organe constitutionnellement compétent a été régulièrement promulgué. Peu importe que ce texte ne soit pas effectivement appliqué ; l'appliquer est une tâche de gouvernants. L'inapplication des lois...
English legal system: the Sources of English Law
Cours - 87 pages - Droit constitutionnel
The judicial decisions are the first to be found to develop a system. Today, they are still influencing the system as a whole. Judicial decisions have a weight that their continental counter part does not have. In England, under certain requirements, decisions are biding the judge with the...
Confessing antitrust criminals: The art of juggling with carrots, sticks and transatlantic disturbances
Étude de cas - 15 pages - Droit autres branches
Fighting cartels is not an easy business to be in. Companies operating cartels are of course very much aware of the illegality of their conduct under the antitrust laws. For that reason, cartels are typically operated in secrecy and considerable efforts are devoted by the participants to avoiding...
The French Conseil Constitutionnel: In comparison with Constitutional Courts
Dissertation - 11 pages - Droit constitutionnel
I believe that constitutional courts play a major role in legal systems. After the introduction of the 'Conseil Constitutionnel' in 1958, Louis Favoreu, a public law teacher, claimed, 'L'Etat de droit est désormais complet en France'. Indeed, it is often considered that...
La charge de la preuve en matière de discrimination
Dissertation - 15 pages - Droit du travail
"Dans la langue juridique et le discours politique contemporains, le mot "discrimination" a pris un sens presque exclusivement péjoratif pour caractériser la situation d'un groupe social ou d'une personne faisant l'objet d'un traitement moins favorable. Elle se présente alors...
The difficult application of canadian criminal law in Nunavut
Thèse - 57 pages - Droit international
With its creation in 1999, the new territory of Nunavut hoped to solve the social and economical problems it was facing. For the second time in the history of the Poles, indigenous people were given the right by the government to decide their future. The first Inuit to be recognized were the...
Unfair Terms in contract
Dissertation - 5 pages - Droit des affaires
Seller Ltd ("Seller?) is a manufacturer and seller of lifting equipment. Buyer Ltd, ("Buyer?), provides heavy goods vehicle servicing. On 1 July 2006 Buyer requested a copy of Seller's brochure and this was sent by post and received by Buyer on 3 July 2006. Tom, a representative of Buyer...
Essay on human rights
Dissertation - 10 pages - Droit international
"Imagine that you are creating a fabric of human destiny with the object of making men happy in the end [...], but that it was essential and inevitable to torture to death only one tiny creature [...], would you consent to be the architect on those conditions?". There, Fyodor Dostoevsky asked...
Primacy / Supremacy of European Community Law against Sovereignty of the Member States
Mémoire - 25 pages - Droit européen
Today the European Union (EU) consists of 27 Member States; it reaches from the Atlantic coast of Western Europe all the way to the Black Sea of Eastern Europe. In the European Union, the most important and closest collaboration between the Member States happens via the European Community (EC)....
The two equality directives of 2000: False-twins
Mémoire - 43 pages - Droit européen
2007, the “European Year of Equal Opportunities for All” in the European Union ended a few months ago, stressing on the question of the current anti-discrimination law in the Union. This initiative of the Commission took place in a general movement of the European Union toward a better...
Comparative public law essay
Étude de cas - 9 pages - Droit autres branches
Each and every one of us enters this world with a cry, and it is with this utmost fundamental expression of ourselves that we first convey to our parents our basic needs and wants, later expanding the scope of communication to friends and then the community. This is why speech—and thereby...
La Cour africaine des droits de l'homme et des peuples
Mémoire - 105 pages - Droit international
Le concept des droits de l'homme a aujourd'hui trouvé sa place dans notre société pour définir les droits inaliénables, intransgressibles et intrinsèques que disposent les individus, indistinctement de leur race, sexe, religion, ethnie, entre autres. De l'antiquité à la période moderne, les...
Is the United Nations Genocide Convention an Effective Instrument ?
Dissertation - 11 pages - Droit international
The term genocide comes from the Greek word genos which means race or tribe and the Latin word cide which means killing. The word genocide only appeared in the indictment for the Nuremberg trail, and neither in its Charter nor its judgment. For this trial, the crime of genocide has actually been...
International Business Law : three cases
Dissertation - 6 pages - Droit des affaires
This paper talks about a buyer, located in Miami, who ordered 2,500 cell-phones from company for a total amount of $150,000 (including the shipping charge). But there were several problems with this order: the order was delayed and the phones were damaged by moisture during shipping. One of the...
