Criminal law : consent
Dissertation - 4 pages - Droit européen
In criminal law, there exists a defense of consent. Within this defense, there is a general rule that a person cannot consent to his being caused actual bodily harm. No one can ever lawfully consent to his own death-R v Young . This opens the debate on issues related to...
The Implementation of the Third Pillar of the European Union in Hungary
Dissertation - 13 pages - Droit européen
Hungary acceded to the European Union on the 1st May 2004, thus it is one of the newer member states of the organization. In this paper we are going to introduce the Hungarian implementation of five (former) third pillar issues. We will examine the legal background of...
Public international law - the problems associated with the proliferation of international judicial bodies
Dissertation - 7 pages - Droit international
Since the end of the Cold War, a new phenomenon in international law has surfaced: the proliferation of international judicial bodies as a consequence of the increasing number of treaties. More than just a numeral observation, there have been changes concerning...
The protection of consumers on Internet
Dissertation - 15 pages - Droit autres branches
The recent boom of the internet in Europe and the emergence of a new kind of commerce (e-commerce) led to a widening of the commercial offers that can be proposed to the consumers. Simultaneous with such an expansion in internet offering come the demand for online...
Introduction to the Challenges of European and French Law in Legal Informatics
Dissertation - 15 pages - Droit européen
The " new technologies " which appeared thirty years ago and are characterized by a considerable development are subject to fundamental legal questions. The definition of new technologies remains vague and includes the information and communication technologies. The information and...
Standard Oil of New Jersey v. U.S., 221 U.S. 1 (1911)
Commentaire d'arrêt - 21 pages - Droit autres branches
La question posée à la Cour Suprême dans l'arrêt Standard Oil of New Jersey v. United States est une question d'interprétation législative. Plus particulièrement, il s'agissait pour la Cour d'interpréter les sections 1 et 2 du Sherman Antitrust Act, ou loi Sherman, sur...
Constitutional law applicable in the Anglo-Saxon - parliamentary sovereignty
Dissertation - 4 pages - Droit constitutionnel
One of the key characteristics of British Constitution is the dominance of the Parliament. The Parliament is the main legislative body in British Constitution. It is bicameral; and is composed of two chambers, the House of Lords and the House of Commons....
Contract Law : A review
Fiche - 8 pages - Droit civil
What is a Contract? A contract is a legally enforceable agreement between two or more parties with mutual obligations. It's essentially a case law subject, i.e.,interpretations are made by judges while deciding on the legal issues....
Recommendations to the French government concerning violations of the 'Article 28 EC
Commentaire de texte - 5 pages - Droit européen
One of the main objectives of the EEC at its inception was the Free Movement of Goods, a prerequisite in the achievement of an Internal Market, the raison d'être of the EU. The Article 28 EC prohibits Quantitative Restrictions on imports and all measures...
To what extent is the criminal justice system consistent with article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights?
Dissertation - 6 pages - Droit européen
At the heart of any legal system is the criminal justice system and is paramount that system is fair in order to be effective. This is ensured through a fair trial, without which, the whole system would be illegitimate. We only have to look to the political ?show trials' of the...
The distribution of power an its future evolution in the European decision making institutions
Dissertation - 12 pages - Droit européen
How is the power shared in the main European decision making institutions and how will it change with the near enlargement and the ratification of new institutional treaties? This paper analyzes the distribution of power in the European Commission, the Council of Ministers...
Critically evaluate the impact upon EC jurisprudence and legislation of the judgement of the European Court of Justice in REWE Zentral AG Bundesmonopolverwaltung fur Branntwein "Cassis de Dijon"
Dissertation - 7 pages - Droit européen
Article 28 (ex-30) of the EC Treaty is one of the major principles governing the achievement in establishing the common market. It lays out a strong principle that imposes quantitative restrictions on imports and that all measures having equivalent effect will be prohibited between...
Finnish administrative law: the administrative procedure in Finland from a French perspective
Dissertation - 7 pages - Droit administratif
Finland has its own administrative judicial system. After the first decision by an administrative authority, the citizens can appeal to an administrative court system. It is composed of nine provincial administrative authorities, representing the first level of jurisdiction. Then,...
The differences between English case law and the French concept of « jurisprudence »
Dissertation - 2 pages - Droit autres branches
To begin, we can notice two concepts concerning the value granted to the decisions delivered by the jurisdictions of a state: indeed, states which use Common law (like the Great Britain or the United States of America), the concept of case law is preferred...
The protection of women under human rights law, international criminal law and international humanitarian law
Dissertation - 6 pages - Droit international
International Women's Day is on the 8th of March. It is a day for women to remember "nine decades of struggle for equality, justice, peace and development?. It is also an opportunity to look at the advances made in the protection of women. Women are all different but the...
The clash of universalisms, Corporate abuses of human rights and international corporate responsibility
Dissertation - 14 pages - Droit international
Economic History is a discipline not so distant from Law when it comes to understanding the complexity of relations mingling with the power of National States expressed by their faculty of producing law within a territory, and that of commercial...
Competition law - publié le 08/03/2007
Dissertation - 6 pages - Droit européen
The area of EC Competition Law has experienced major structural and substantial changes over the past two decades. The last decade of reforms of EC Competition Law is often cited as the « modernisation process » . Since competition rules always apply to a...
Corporate governance under English common law : the respective roles of executive and non executive directors
Dissertation - 15 pages - Droit des affaires
The role of boards and its relationship to management must be clearly identified. The Companies Act provides that companies must have directors but does not define their functions. This is left to the articles of association, where the most undertaken practice consists of...
Implementation of European Law in a federal state: The Belgian case between coherence and autonomy
Fiche - 9 pages - Droit européen
‘Ultimately the impact of EU rules depends on the willingness and capacity of Member States authorities to ensure that they are transposed and enforced effectively and fully and on time' (Graver) . This statement from the European Commission in its White Paper on...
The role of domestic courts as guardians of the European Convention on Human Rights and the role of the European Court of Human Rights as "ultimate guardian of the Convention"
Dissertation - 5 pages - Droit autres branches
As the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe said, the European Convention on Human Rights has a fundamental role. It assures the protection of individuals and creates positive obligations for States to ensure such a protection on behalf of common values...
Critically discuss the contributions of the Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL) movement to international legal scholarship
Dissertation - 6 pages - Droit international
After the World War II and its atrocities, a new international institution, the United Nations (UN) was created in 1945 to focus on the new challenges faced by the international community. One of the major challenges was the wave of decolonization which started between the two World...
Co ownership in Land Law
Dissertation - 3 pages - Droit civil
In the year 2000, there were three sisters Hermione, Iris and Jocasta, who inherited their mother's house property. The house was transferred in their joint names and they simultaneously gladly occupied their respective portions. A squabble broke out between Hermione and Iris which resulted...
The relationship between investment law and the human right: present provisions and proposals for the future
Dissertation - 9 pages - Droit international
Since 1945, the investment law became more and more important with the development of the transnational corporations and the direct investments abroad within the framework of the globalization of flows of capital. The relationship with the countries of...
The Supreme Court of the United States : a single institution in its kind
Dissertation - 6 pages - Droit autres branches
The Supreme Court of the United States (sometimes colloquially referred to by the acronym SCOTUS) is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the judiciary. Established in 1789 by the Constitution of the United States, the Supreme Court is at the same time, the...
The Constitutionalisation of the treaties by the ECJ: The theories of direct effect and supremacy from the perspective of the French courts
Dissertation - 8 pages - Droit européen
The Community has developed with an inexorable dynamism of enhanced supranationalism. As a result, it has first been ruled by general principles of public international law to become an interstate governmental structure "per se " ruled by a "Constitutional Charter? . The...
Customary International Law and FDI
Dissertation - 2 pages - Droit des affaires
The notions of expropriation and of its compensation are at the heart of every discussion pertaining to Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). In fact, one might argue that these notions, among others, reflect the complex nature inherent to the FDI mechanism. The complexity lies in...
International business law: the "Peach International Inc" case
Étude de cas - 10 pages - Droit international
The Peach International Company is a start-up specialized in the "high tech communications" domain. The firm deals with the ?higher level of technology' and specializes in the domain of "standard mobiles". The company provides phones that contain all the advantages of an...
Contracts and tort law - Causation and loss of chance
Dissertation - 10 pages - Droit des obligations
When it comes to tort or contract litigation in the aim of obtaining damages, the most important aspect to take into account is the issue of causation. Indeed, without proving a causal link between the defendant's action and the claimant's harm, no liability can be held. This rigor...
The principle of direct effect.
Dissertation - 5 pages - Droit européen
The principle of direct effect is fundamental in community law. It means that Community law can directly create or confer rights or obligations towards individuals, who could, in particular conditions, evoke directly effective community law before their national...
Discuss the analysis and significance of the abduction and trial of Eichmann from an international law perspective, with reference to legal writing
Dissertation - 8 pages - Droit international
First, we will discuss whether the principle known as "the fruit of the poisonous tree? in the United States must be applied to the abduction of Adolf Eichmann or not. The violation of International law was "clear? according to Louis Henkin in 1968 but one cannot...
