L'exécution du budget de l'Etat - Régulation et modifications
Fiche - 3 pages - Droit fiscal
Le Gouvernement apporte des précisions sur la répartition initiale des crédits via le décret de répartition mais il peut aussi tout au long de la phase d'exécution budgétaire décider d'apporter des modifications à l'autorisation budgétaire initiale. Ces restrictions peuvent revêtir plusieurs...
Cour de justice des Communautés européennes, 23 avril 1991, Höfner - Un office public pour l'emploi exerçant des activités de placement est-il considéré comme une entreprise au sens des articles 85 et 86 du traité CEE ?
Commentaire d'arrêt - 3 pages - Droit européen
La notion d'entreprise est un concept important, car il permet de préciser le champ d'application du droit de la concurrence. Cependant, la notion d'entreprise publique, bien que clairement définie en droit interne, restait floue en droit communautaire, les juges ne l'ayant jamais...
Cour de cassation, 2e chambre civile, 14 juin 2018 - L'Office national des forêts peut-il voir sa responsabilité engagée pour un dommage survenu sur un circuit sauvage situé en forêt ?
Commentaire d'arrêt - 6 pages - Droit civil
Au sujet de la responsabilité civile, le doyen Jean Carbonnier a pu écrire : "Il faut réparer le mal, faire ce qui semble n'avoir été qu'un rêve". Cet adage exprime parfaitement la raison d'être de la responsabilité civile extracontractuelle plus particulièrement, qui s'inscrit...
La spécificité et la refondation de l'office du juge des référés du Conseil d'Etat
Mémoire - 79 pages - Droit administratif
Le référé est né du besoin d'obtenir une solution juridictionnelle en cas d'urgence, sans attendre l'intervention du juge du fond. L'urgence est la qualité de ce qui ne souffre aucun retard. Comment expliciter cette notion en droit ? Il faut que l'action soit indispensable et qu'elle se révèle...
Les critères de détermination de la valeur d'un bien exproprié et l'office du juge de l'expropriation
Dissertation - 5 pages - Droit civil
Une particularité de la procédure d'expropriation telle qu'elle s'applique en France réside dans sa division en deux phases distinctes. Tout d'abord, une première phase purement administrative qui conduit à la déclaration d'utilité publique, dont la signature permet d'entrer dans la deuxième...
English Legal System : The Administration of England and Wales
Cours - 93 pages - Droit autres branches
We'll study the administration of justice in England and Wales. Scotland has it's own courts and system. Civil and criminal justice have come close to each other. They must be treated separately because they are very different in particular in the point of view of...
UK and French legal system : structural and conception differences
Dissertation - 6 pages - Droit civil
The governing laws and its legal system in France and the United Kingdom have major differences, as each of the legal systems have and are based on various views. France is governed by the Constitution of 1958. All the French laws are based on this text. In the United...
Constitutional and administrative law
Dissertation - 4 pages - Droit constitutionnel
The rule of law' is a system of rule in which the relationship between the State and the individual is governed by the law, protecting the individual from arbitrary state action.The rule of law is better understood by translating it into French as 'primauté du droit'. Since the...
Cases study - Gebhard, Vlassopoulo and Klopp
Étude de cas - 9 pages - Droit européen
Case 1 - Mr. Gebhard was a German lawyer: he was a member of the Stuttgart Bar as ‘independent collaborator' and did not have any chamber there. He pursued a professional activity in Italy since 1978, initially as a collaborator in a set of chambers of lawyers practising in...
Corporate governance under English common law : the respective roles of executive and non executive directors
Dissertation - 15 pages - Droit des affaires
The role of boards and its relationship to management must be clearly identified. The Companies Act provides that companies must have directors but does not define their functions. This is left to the articles of association, where the most undertaken practice consists of vesting...
"In sum, at night, young people seek excitement in cities, not safety": discuss the relationship between young people's leisure activities, crime and the fear of crime.
Dissertation - 8 pages - Droit pénal
Young people's behaviors are seen as a catalyst of change in society; a vector for social and moral evolution. Usually our societies, which are often driven by a sense of cautious conservatism, are prudish or even resistant towards the attitude of the youth. Contrary to common...
Free movement of goods and person within the Europe
Dissertation - 12 pages - Droit européen
Since the Treaty of Rome was signed in 1957, the euro area is the geographical and economic EUROPE. Since 1957, new treaties such as Schengen and Maastricht were signed. Europe and its laws allow us to develop economic relations between the member states. Thus barriers fall,...
Border Regulation, Freedom of Movement and Citizenship in the Third Pillar of the EU: Conflicting legal agendas.
Dissertation - 9 pages - Droit européen
Within the United Kingdom (UK) there has been a long proud tradition of strong regulatory and independent oversight with respect to its national border security and integrity. The UK is a confederation of regional states some of which have semi-autonomous devolved legislatures, yet...
Tax havens and companies
Étude de cas - 7 pages - Droit fiscal
This dissertation will deal about Tax Haven in the world. I choose this subject because we recently spoke about tax haven in news, but I think nobody doesn't really realise its impacts on others societies and who are the real culprit. Its fight becomes more important; governments...
Principles and Practices of Consumer's Protection within the European Union
Dissertation - 19 pages - Droit européen
The objective of the European Union is to protect the health, safety and the economic well-being of its citizens. In this regard, it is the responsibility of the EU to promote the right to information, help in safeguarding the interests and encourage the member states to set up...
Williams Act and takeover defences in the United States
Étude de cas - 2 pages - Droit international
This statement will be discussed : “Without the process effects generated by the availability of takeover defense in the United States, the Williams Act would not be fit for purpose” The United States is among the countries the most favorable to the use of takeover defenses. A takeover...
Should we stick to the stability and growth Pact?
Dissertation - 5 pages - Droit européen
The Stability and Growth Pact is an essential element of the European Monetary Union and has been often criticized. One of the sharpest and most violent attacks came from the President of the European Commission, which is supposed to be the watchdog of the Treaties and...
La notion de "checks and balances" (poids et contrepoids) dans le système politique américain
Dissertation - 3 pages - Droit constitutionnel
« Plus un pouvoir est grand, plus les limites à ce pouvoir sont décisives » nous disait Olivier Duhamel à propos de la superpuissance que sont les Etats-Unis d'Amérique. Thomas Jefferson et ses compagnons en avaient bien conscience, d'où l'apparition des « checks and balances » (poids et...
?The Council of Ministers: key decision-maker and guardian of national interests' discuss
Dissertation - 8 pages - Droit européen
Before starting discussion of the role of the Council, one should point out the paradox on which the Council is built. The Council aims to be both a key decision-maker and a guardian of national interests. In that view, being a guardian of national interest might affect the credibility of...
Conditions of detention and "other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatments"
Dissertation - 10 pages - Libertés publiques
On March 6, 2006, Alain Grignard, the deputy head of the Brussels police anti-terrorism unit declared on his return from a visit to Guantanamo-Bay with Anne-Marie Lizin, chair of the Belgian Senate: "At the level of detention facilities, it is a model prison, where people are better treated than...
Le budget de l'Union européenne
Présentation - 27 pages - Droit européen
Mode de fonctionnement et perspectives futures du budget de l'Union Européenne.
Duress and undue influence
Mémoire - 25 pages - Droit des affaires
"It is assumed that the parties know their own minds, that they are the best judges of their own needs and circumstances, that they will calculate the risks and future contingencies that are relevant, and that all these enter into the bargain. It follows that unfairness of...
Influence of media and legal institutions on one another
Dissertation - 6 pages - Droit international
This essay aims at showing the necessary but dangerous interactivity existing between media and legal institutions: each of them need to be independent but in the same time they both need each other. The following pages will answer the subsequent problem: can legal institutions resist the...
Migration Law - A Human Right to Migration in International Law and European Community Law
Dissertation - 11 pages - Libertés publiques
To answer the question of the existence of the human right to migrate, the notion of migration and human right themselves must first be studied. Migration can be defined as a movement of persons from one country or locality to another one. Only international migrations, from one country to...
To fight against any sort of discrimination, could and should all workers be treated equally?
Dissertation - 2 pages - Droit du travail
Gender, age, ethnic background, sexual orientation, religion, family life and private matters do play an important part at work although they should not. Recruitment processes, salaries, the daily routine at the work office, are all places where workers should be considered equals...
Confessing antitrust criminals: The art of juggling with carrots, sticks and transatlantic disturbances
Étude de cas - 15 pages - Droit autres branches
Fighting cartels is not an easy business to be in. Companies operating cartels are of course very much aware of the illegality of their conduct under the antitrust laws. For that reason, cartels are typically operated in secrecy and considerable efforts are devoted by the participants to...
Introduction to the Challenges of European and French Law in Legal Informatics
Dissertation - 15 pages - Droit européen
The " new technologies " which appeared thirty years ago and are characterized by a considerable development are subject to fundamental legal questions. The definition of new technologies remains vague and includes the information and communication technologies. The...
The legal professions in the English legal system: barristers, solicitors and magistrates
Cours - 7 pages - Droit autres branches
First, we must know there is a separation in the legal profession of lawyer, there are: - barristers: (avocat, conseiller juridique) who work exclusively in the bar (à la barre du tribunal) to defend their clients. - and solicitors (notaire, avoué) who work on the administrative aspects...
To what extent have developments in individual rights in Britain delivered family friendly working practices, and with what implications for all relevant stakeholders
Dissertation - 7 pages - Droit des affaires
Since New Labour came to power in May 1997 some developments in employments rights have aimed to promote the balancing between work and family life: “Families are the core of our society, but they are under pressure. Women and men struggle with choices over work and...
Comparative study - sociological and legal perspective over the national and the EU policies in France, Sweden and Spain
Étude de cas - 13 pages - Droit européen
Professional immigration in France is organised in such a manner to complete the needs of companies and to be adapted to France's accommodation and working capacities, while taking into consideration economic situation in the country. France does not formally distinguish immigrants...
